Characteristics of Vulich (based on the novel “Hero of Our Time” by M. Yu. Lermontov). Characteristics of the hero Vulich, Hero of our time, Lermontov. Image of the character Vulich What is the relationship between Pechorin and Dr. Werner

The system of images of “A Hero of Our Time”, like the rest artistic structure of the novel, is subordinated primarily to revealing the image of the main character, as well as the author’s intention. However, minor characters have quite independent meaning as full-blooded artistic types.
The theme of fate, predestination and freedom of human will is one of the most important aspects of the problem of personality in “A Hero of Our Time” and reflects one of the facets of the author’s plan. This problem is most directly posed in the chapter “Fatalist,” which, not by chance, ends the novel and serves as a kind of conclusion moral and philosophical the quest of the hero, and with him the author. This topic especially clearly developed in the comparison between Vulich and Pechorin.
It is no coincidence that Lermontov resorts to such a comparison: like Pechorin, main character“Fatalist” is endowed with external and internal exclusivity (“...everything gave him the appearance of a special being...”), which corresponds to the author’s intention and corresponds to the severity and significance of the problems of the story. The passion for the game, the failures, the stubbornness with which he started all over again every time with the hope of winning, reveal in Vulich something akin to Pechorin, with his passionate “game” of both his own and others’ lives and fate. In “Fatalist,” Pechorin no longer “fights” with people, but with the very idea of Fate.
So, the heroes are similar in their desire to penetrate beyond the boundaries of everyday life, to comprehend the meaning of the power of Fate over man; however, their attitude towards fate and fate is disgusting.
Vulich is characterized by passivity, a feeling of dissolution in one’s own destiny, characteristic of the generation of the 30s, a loss of the will to live, “the strong pleasure that the soul encounters in any struggle with people or fate.” Hence the terrible, even painful game of the hero with death.
All his life Vulich strove to be stronger than fate, to snatch his “win” from fate, and yet she defeated him, lying in wait where he least expected to meet her.
Pechorin, at first glance, is the same fatalist; it is not for nothing that he decides “like Vulich” to try his luck. The episode with the drunken Cossack, as it were, reproduces Vulich’s experience; if Vulich, as a true fatalist, actually entrusts himself entirely to Fate and, relying on destiny without any preparation, pulls the trigger of a pistol, then Pechorin acts completely differently in similar circumstances. The hero rushes out the window to the Cossack killer, having weighed everything in advance and provided for many details. “I didn’t read much determination in the restless look” of the Cossack and therefore decides to attack him before he fully comes to his senses. Then Pechorin suggests that the captain plot with the Cossack and at the same time place “three Cossacks at the door, ready to knock her out,” finally, the hero calculates the moment of the jump to the second). Thus, Pechorin is very prudent in his actions. This is no longer Vulich’s blind risk, but meaningful courage. If the first one enters into a battle with fate, then the second one tries to “deceive” her. Pechorin questions everything (“... I like to doubt everything...”), knowing well “how often we mistake a deception of feelings or a lapse of reason for a belief.” Literary critic B.T. Udodov wrote: “If we can talk about Pechorin’s fatalism, then it is as a special “effective” fatalism. Without denying the presence of forces and patterns that largely determine a person’s life and behavior, Pechorin is not inclined to deprive a person of free will on this basis.”
Thus, comparing Vulich and Pechorin, Lermontov shows that man, in terms of his capabilities, is higher and wider than the predestination of fate; expresses the idea of the inexhaustibility of personality. It is no coincidence that Lermontov wrote one of the final phrases of “Fatalist” into the manuscript after its completion, apparently giving it a special, key meaning: “The officers congratulated me - and there was definitely something to it.”
In parallel with this, comparing the two heroes, the author solves another moral and ethical problem. Pechorin states: “And if there is definitely predestination... why should we give an account of our actions?” Thus, the hero (unlike Vulich) appears in the novel as a spiritually independent person, relying in his actions primarily on himself, on his own mind and will, and not on “heavenly” plans. Accountability in actions, first of all, to oneself, simultaneously increases not only the measure of personal freedom, but also its responsibility - both for one’s destiny and for the fate of the world. Pechorin spoke about this even after the duel with Grushnitsky, counting himself among those who in everything have the courage to take upon themselves the full burden of responsibility,” without shifting it to circumstances.
So, the image of Vulich serves to more fully disclose central character and, therefore, the author's intention: on this comparison Lermontov is studying one of the main problems novel theme fate, the power of Rock over Man; Lermontov also shows the contradictory features of the generation of the 30s: on the one hand, passivity, blind faith in the chosenness of man by fate; on the other hand, an effective position, an attempt to resist fate. In addition, by comparing Vulich and Pechorin, Lermontov emphasizes one of the properties of a highly developed independent personality - the ability to answer for one’s own actions before the court of one’s conscience, without referring to external circumstances.

Vulich – minor character novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time". The article provides information about the character from the work, quotation description.

Full name

Not mentioned. Most likely, I didn’t know him well enough to call him by name in my journal.

He was a Serb by birth, as was clear from his name. Lieutenant Vulich's appearance corresponded completely to his character

Age

Unknown.

Relation to Pechorin

Neutral. The characters were unfamiliar.

Vulich's appearance

Lieutenant Vulich's appearance corresponded completely to his character. Tall stature and dark complexion, black hair, black penetrating eyes, a large but correct nose, belonging to his nation, a sad and cold smile that always wandered on his lips - all this seemed to agree in order to give him the appearance of a special being, unable to share thoughts and passions with those whom fate gave him as comrades.

They said, however, that the colonel's wife was partial to his expressive eyes; but he was seriously angry when it was hinted at.

Social status

Lieutenant Vulich's appearance corresponded completely to his character.

Further fate

Killed by a drunken Cossack.

- Vulich was killed.
I was dumbfounded.

Vulich was walking alone along a dark street: a drunken Cossack ran into him

Vulich's personality

Vulich is an extremely secretive person, expressing only one inclination - to play.

he didn’t trust his spiritual and family secrets to anyone;

He almost didn’t drink wine at all, he never chased after young Cossack girls.

to give him the appearance of a special being, incapable of sharing thoughts and passions with those whom fate gave him as comrades.

There was only one passion that he did not hide: the passion for the game. At the green table he forgot everything and usually lost; but constant failures only irritated his stubbornness.

Vulich's originality

Vulich was known as a very original person. He often did things that no one understood.

all this seemed to be coordinated in order to give him the appearance of a special being

When Lieutenant Vulich approached the table, everyone fell silent, expecting some original trick from him.

Soon everyone went home, talking differently about Vulich’s quirks

Vulich's bravery

And at the same time, Vulich is a very brave, sometimes reckless person.

He was brave, spoke little, but sharply;

there was a heavy firefight there. Vulich did not care about bullets or Chechen sabers: he was looking for his lucky punter.

the minute he touched the table, Vulich pulled the trigger... misfire! (he shot himself on a bet with)

Novel by M. Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time” consists of five independent chapters. The final chapter is called “Fatalist”. The events that took place in it are told by the hero himself, Pechorin. Being "in Cossack village on the left flank,” Grigory Alexandrovich meets Lieutenant Vulich. Pechorin describes him as follows: “Tall stature and dark complexion, black hair, black piercing eyes, a large but correct nose, belonging to his nation, a sad and cold smile that always wandered on his lips - all this seemed to it was agreed in order to give him the appearance of a special being, incapable of sharing thoughts and passions with those whom fate gave him as comrades.”

One evening, the officers started a conversation about “the fact that the Muslim belief that a person’s fate is written in heaven is also found between. Christians...many fans." Lieutenant Vu-lich decided to resolve the dispute by testing the predestination of fate on himself: “Gentlemen,... I suggest you try for yourself whether a person can arbitrarily dispose of his life, or whether a fatal moment has been assigned to each of us in advance.” Everyone refused and, perhaps, this conversation would have ended in nothing if Pechorin had not offered a bet, claiming that there is no predestination.. He poured out “two dozen chervonets on the table.” Vulich supported the conditions and “randomly removed one of the different-caliber pistols from a nail...”. It seemed to Pechorin that he was reading “the seal of death on the pale face” of the lieutenant, and he told him about it. Wu-lich remained calm. The officers made new bets. And here is the climax: “everyone’s breathing stopped, all eyes, expressing fear and some kind of vague curiosity, ran from the pistol to the fatal ace, which, trembling in the air, descended slowly; the minute he touched the table, Vulich pulled the trigger... misfire!” Of course, there were suggestions that the pistol was not loaded, to which Vulich, without reloading the weapon, fired again and pierced his cap. Vulich was pleased with his experiment, but Pechorin is haunted by the thought that the lieutenant must certainly “die today.”

And the premonitions did not deceive our hero: Vulich was stabbed to death that same night by a drunken Cossack. Perhaps everything would have worked out well if Vulich himself had not spoken to the distraught Cossack. Already dying, Vulich became convinced of the validity of Pechorin’s prediction. Apparently, he was destined to die, but not from a bullet, but from the saber of a completely unfamiliar Cossack.

I think that Pechorin himself believed in fate (after all, he believed in a fortune-telling that predicted his death “from an evil wife,” after which he experienced “an insurmountable aversion to marriage”), but he constantly experienced it. It seems that the hero is even looking for death (duel with Grushnitsky). Once again he “decided to tempt fate” when he decided to capture that same Cossack locked in a barn. This time fate was favorable to Pechorin: the bullet fired by the Cossack tore off the epaulette without harming the hero.

I believe that sometimes you need to rely on your fate, but you shouldn't tempt it; and if misfortune befalls you in life, you should not give up, believing that everything is already predetermined and nothing can be changed. After all, by and large, every person is the architect of his own happiness.

When was the novel written?

The novel was written in 1839-1840. Events take place during the conquest of the Caucasus.

Where did the events of the novel “A Hero of Our Time” take place?

Pechorin's adventures take place in cities such as Pyatigorsk, Taman, Kislovodsk, in fortress N in the Caucasus and in the Cossack village.

How does Lermontov want to show Pechorina?

Lermontov presents Pechorin to readers as a person endowed with a large number negative qualities, as an immoral and immoral person.

How is the image of Pechorin presented?

Pechorin is presented as a “superfluous” person in society. In those years, he cannot find a place where he could direct his strength and skills, and therefore he is doomed to loneliness.

What was Pechorin's character like?

Pechorin's heart was at odds with his mind. On the one hand, he is a skeptic who lives by comprehending his own curiosity, but on the other hand, he is an unbridled romantic who still secretly hopes that sincere feelings have a place in his life.

Who is Pechorin secretly in love with?

He is secretly in love with a woman named Vera.

What can you call Pechorin?

You can call him a player of other people's destinies. He interferes with the lives of the smugglers, exchanges Bela for a horse (but when he gets her, he immediately forgets and tries to erase her from his life), cares for Mary (however, just as soon as things start to move towards marriage, he immediately runs away).

Why does Pechorin risk his life?

Pechorin loves to get adrenaline and challenge his fate. He risked his life many times and each time this risk can hardly be called justified. First, he catches the drunken Cossack who killed Vulich and this situation begins to threaten him own life. After this, he goes on a date with the smuggler who tried to kill him. Then he participates in a duel with Grushnitsky.

Can Pechorin be called happy?

Grigory Pechorin is actually a far from unhappy person, he emphasized this:

“...I have an unhappy character: whether my upbringing made me this way, whether God created me this way, I don’t know; I only know that if I am the cause of others’ unhappiness, then I myself am unhappy...”

Does Vera consider Pechorin an unhappy person?

Yes. Vera believed that Pechorin too often convinced himself that he was happy and thereby deceived himself.

Can Pechorin be called an egoist?

Yes, he is definitely selfish. Pechorin does not know how to sacrifice anything for other people. This is confirmed by his actions. Pechorin too often left an incorrigible mark on the destinies of others just for his own amusement.

Why does Pechorin consider himself a moral invalid?

Pechorin himself emphasizes that constant presence in society forces him to hide his true feelings and emotions and taught him hypocrisy and pretense. Sometimes even Grigory could not understand what he really wanted from life and how he truly related to people, he simply stopped sincerely experiencing feelings.

Did Pechorin have friends?

Pechorin has no friends. He believed that friendship is actually a form of hidden slavery. It was easier for Pechorin to believe that friendship could be replaced by lackeys and money.

What is the relationship between Pechorin and Grushnitsky?

Pechorin despises him for his deceit, weakness and meanness. Although in public they played the roles of friends.

What is the relationship between Pechorin and Dr. Werner?

Pechorin considers the doctor his equal in moral and mental development, so he respects Werner.

How does Pechorin relate to Vulich?

Pechorin calls Vulich a “special creature” only because of his mysterious appearance which is different from the others:

“... his whole appearance seemed to be coordinated in order to give him the appearance of a special being, incapable of sharing thoughts and reasoning with those whom fate gave him as comrades...”

What is the reason for the death of Pechorin?

Since the order of the chapters in the novel is disrupted, readers learn about Pechorin’s death already in the middle of the novel. The author does not indicate the cause of death; he only emphasizes that he dies on the road from Persia to Russia.

When describing the hero of a novel, it is important to understand the role of this hero. Accordingly, it is necessary to show what the hero was like before meeting Pechorin (or at the very beginning of the meeting) and what he was like after.

The characterization must begin with a portrait (description of appearance), which in Lermontov is always psychologized, that is, it helps to understand the characteristics of the hero’s personality.

Here is a portrait of Vulich, where the description of appearance turns into a direct description of the hero:

“At this time, one officer, sitting in the corner of the room, stood up and, slowly approaching the table, looked at everyone with a calm and solemn look. He was a Serb by birth, as was clear from his name.

Lieutenant Vulich's appearance corresponded completely to his character. Tall stature and dark complexion, black hair, black penetrating eyes, a large but correct nose, belonging to his nation, a sad and cold smile that always wandered on his lips - all this seemed to be coordinated in order to give him the appearance of a special being, unable to share thoughts and passions with those whom fate gave him as comrades.

He was brave, spoke little, but sharply; I didn’t trust my spiritual secrets to anyone; He drank almost no wine at all; he never pursued young Cossack girls, whose charms are difficult to comprehend without betraying them. They said, however, that the colonel's wife was partial to his expressive eyes; but he was seriously angry when it was hinted at.

There was only one passion that he did not hide: the passion for the game. At the green table he forgot everything and usually lost; but constant failures only irritated his stubbornness.”

The character of the hero is helped to reveal various situations. So, one day while playing cards the alarm sounded. All the officers jumped up, but Vulich did not get up until he threw the tackle. Then he found a “lucky punter” in the chain, right during the shootout he gave him his purse and wallet and then fought bravely, carrying the soldier with him “and until the very end of the case, he exchanged fire with the Chechens in cold blood.”

It is important to show the interaction between the hero and Pechorin, defining the problem that drives this interaction.

Thus, the bet between Pechorin and Vulich is based on problems of value human life and faith in the fate that dominates man. Pechorin plays with other people's lives - Vulich, making a bet, plays with his life :

“—...You want proof: I suggest you try it on yourself, whether every person can arbitrarily dispose of his life, or whether a fatal moment has been assigned to each of us in advance...”

Vulich puts his life on the line - and life itself immediately puts his existence on the line. In India they would call this the inevitability of karma: one cannot joke about such things.

But the situation with the misfire would not have arisen if Pechorin had not offered Vulich a bet, which he, as a player, could not refuse. In addition, Pechorin acted as a provocateur:

“You are going to die today! - I told him. He quickly turned to me, but answered slowly and calmly:

“Maybe yes, maybe no...”Material from the site

It must be said that such behavior of Vulich is possible only in the complete absence of meaningful life guidelines: his life is not dear to him, because he does not see anything in it that would fill his existence with meaning, that would give meaning to his actions.

In this, Vulich is similar to Pechorin; it is not for nothing that after the death of Vulich, Pechorin risked taking the murderer locked in the house alive:

“At that moment a strange thought flashed through my head: like Vulich, I decided to tempt fate.”

However, Pechorin differs from Vulich in that Vulich in his meaningless life reached extreme point, and Pechorin at that time was still interested in the world, despite his declarations.

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