Crime plays by Ostrovsky. Ostrovsky's works: a list of the best. Ostrovsky's first work

Purpose of the lesson. A.N. Ostrovsky Drama "Dowry". At first glance, the first two phenomena are exposure. The symbolic meaning of names and surnames. Paratov Sergey Sergeevich. Usually the names of Ostrovsky's plays are sayings, proverbs. Karandyshev. Creative ideas of A.N. Ostrovsky. Actors. Discussion of the image of L.I. Ogudalova. Analysis of the drama "Dowry". What do we learn about Paratov.

“Heroes of “The Snow Maiden”” - Songs. Cold creature. Huge power. Snow Maiden. What heroes are just fabulous. A.N. Ostrovsky. Image of Lelya. Morning of love. Heroes. Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov. Winter's Tale. The finale of the opera. Characters. Shepherd's horn. The author's ideals. Scene. Love. Russian element folk rituals. The power and beauty of nature. Caring attitude To cultural traditions people. V.M. Vasnetsov. Kupava and Mizgir. Father Frost.

“The Play “Dowry”” - Final scene. "Dowry." But the ability to get carried away and extravagance do not at all reject sober calculation. The relationship between Larisa and Paratov resembles the relationship between a predator and a victim. Former merchants are turning into millionaire entrepreneurs. Katerina is a truly tragic heroine. Like Katerina, Larisa belongs to women with a “warm heart”. It’s like being on an unprecedentedly high-speed ship, like being on a luxurious villa.

“Ostrovsky’s play “The Thunderstorm”” - Read expressively Katerina’s monologue in the repentance scene. What kind of order reigns in the city? (Confirm your answer with text). Tikhon is kind and sincerely loves Katerina. What is the heroine struggling with: a sense of duty or the “dark kingdom”? Did Katerina have any other way out other than death? Why is Katerina left alone with her grief? Prove the truth of N. Dobrolyubov’s words. Under what conditions? Kabanova Marfa Ignatievna is the embodiment of despotism, covered with hypocrisy.

“Heroes of the Thunderstorm” - Features of Ostrovsky’s style. Portrait of Ostrovsky. Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky. The play "The Thunderstorm" was written in 1859. N.A. Dobrolyubov. Social activities A.N. Ostrovsky. Conversation on the perception of the play. The main theme of "Thunderstorms". The meaning of the title. The behavior is hypocritical. National Theatre. Acceptance of contrast. Most famous plays A.N. Ostrovsky. Curly. Monument to A.N. Ostrovsky. Katerina's protest. Dictionary.

“Ostrovsky’s play “Dowry”” - Poetic lines. Skills for expressing your thoughts. A sad song about a homeless woman. Problematic issues. What is Karandyshev like? Love for Larisa. What kind of person is Paratov? Analysis of the play. Acquiring text analysis skills. Larisa's fiance. What does the gypsy song add to the play and film? Ostrovsky. Shot by Karandyshev. The mystery of Ostrovsky's play. Romance. Cruel romance. Does Paratova need Larisa? Gypsy song.

Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky

Collected works in sixteen volumes

Volume 1. Plays 1847-1854

From the editor

This publication, carried out by decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of May 11, 1948, is the first complete collection of works of the great Russian playwright Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky, including his epistolary heritage.

The first collected works of A. N. Ostrovsky were published in 1859 in two volumes by G. A. Kushelev-Bezborodko. In 1867–1870 A collection of works appeared in five volumes, published by D. E. Kozhanchikov. These publications were carried out with the direct participation of the author. In 1874, with the participation of N.A. Nekrasov as a publisher, an eight-volume collection of Ostrovsky’s works was published. In 1878, in the publication of Salaev, an additional volume IX was published and in 1884, in the publication of Kekhribirji, vol. X.

The last collection of works that appeared during the life of A. N. Ostrovsky was published in 1885–1886. in ten volumes, published by N. G. Martynov. Due to illness, the playwright was unable to take part in the reading of proofs of his works. In this regard, the last lifetime edition contains many typos and, in some cases, direct distortions of Ostrovsky’s texts.

The collected works published after Ostrovsky's death were a simple reprint of Martynov's edition. First experience scientific publication works of the great playwright was “The Complete Works of A. N. Ostrovsky” in ten volumes, published in 1904–1905. in the publication “Enlightenment” edited by the artist of the Alexandria Theater M. I. Pisarev. In preparing this collection of works, Pisarev checked the printed texts with the autographs at his disposal, correcting in a number of cases errors in previous editions. In 1909, the same publication published two additional volumes of plays by A. N. Ostrovsky, written jointly with P. M. Nevezhin and N. Ya. Solovyov.

After the Great October Socialist Revolution, according to the decision of the Soviet government, the State Publishing House published in 1919–1926. “Works of A. N. Ostrovsky in 11 volumes” edited by N. N. Dolgov (1-10 vols.) and B. Tomashevsky and K. Halabaev (11 t.), supplemented with new materials. However, this publication, as well as the previous ones, far from exhausted all the richest literary heritage the great playwright, in particular, none of the publications included Ostrovsky’s letters.

Along with the publication of collected works during the years of Soviet power, many of Ostrovsky's plays were published in mass editions. During this time, several one-volume editions of Ostrovsky's selected works were also published.

In collected works published before the October Revolution, Ostrovsky's works were subject to editing by the tsarist censorship. Soviet textualists have done a great job of restoring the original, undistorted text of the works of A. N. Ostrovsky.

In preparing this complete collection of works, all handwritten materials located in Moscow and Leningrad state repositories were used. This publication aims to provide a complete set of works by A. N. Ostrovsky, verified from manuscripts and authorized publications. Ostrovsky's works are given in chronological order. Scroll characters in each play it is given according to authorized publications, that is, either at the beginning of the play, or according to actions and scenes. Each of the volumes is accompanied by brief notes, which provide information of a historical and literary nature.

Family picture*

Antip Antipych Puzatov, merchant, 35 years old.

Matryona Savishna, his wife, 25 years old.

Marya Antipovna, Puzatov’s sister, girl, 19 years old.

Stepanida Trofimovna, mother of Puzatov, 60 years old.

Paramon Ferapontych Shiryalov, merchant, 60 years old.

Daria, the Puzatovs' maid.

A room in Puzatov’s house, furnished without taste; There are portraits above the sofa, birds of paradise on the ceiling, multi-colored drapery and bottles of tincture on the windows. Marya Antipovna is sitting at the window, behind the hoop.

Marya Antipovna (sews and sings in a low voice).

Black color, gloomy color,
You are always dear to me.

(Becomes thoughtful and leaves work.) Now the summer is passing, and September is just around the corner, and you sit within four walls, like some nun, and don’t go near the window. How anti-responsible! (Silence.) Well, perhaps don't let me! lock it up! tyrannize! My sister and I will ask to go to the monastery for the all-night vigil, get dressed, and go to the park or Sokolniki. We need to use some tricks to get up to speed. (Works. Silence.) Why doesn’t Vasily Gavrilych ever pass by these days?.. (Looks out the window.) Sister! sister! the officer is coming!.. quickly, sister!.. with a white feather!

Matryona Savishna (runs in). Where, Masha, where?

Marya Antipovna. Here, look. (They both look.) Bows. Oh, what! (They hide outside the window.)

Matryona Savishna. How cute!

Marya Antipovna. Sister, let’s sit here: maybe he’ll go back.

Matryona Savishna. And what are you saying, Masha! Once you get him used to it, he will drive past it five times every day. After that you won’t be able to get rid of him. I already know these military men. There Anna Markovna taught the hussar: he drives by, and she glances and smiles. Well, my madam: he rode into the hallway on horseback.

Marya Antipovna. Oh, what a horror!

Matryona Savishna. That's exactly what it is! Nothing like that happened, but fame spread throughout Moscow... (Looks out the window.) Well, Masha, Daria is coming. Will she say something?

Marya Antipovna. Oh, sister, I wish my mother didn’t get her!

Daria runs in.

Daria. Well, Mother Matryona Savishna, I was completely caught! I run, madam, to the stairs, and Stepanida Trofimovna was right there. Well, she supposedly ran to the shop for silk. Because she gets to everything with us. Just yesterday, clerk Petrusha...

Marya Antipovna. Well, what are they?

Daria. Yes! ordered to bow. So, madam, I come to them: Ivan Petrovich is lying on the sofa, and Vasily Gavrilych is on the bed... or, I mean, Vasily Gavrilych is on the Sofa. If you've smoked tobacco, madam, you won't be able to breathe easily.

Matryona Savishna. What did they say?

Daria. And they said, my madam, that by all means, he says, they should come to Ostankino today, at vespers, he says. Yes, he says, Daria, tell them to come without fail, even if it rains, everyone should come.

Times and street scenery change, but people in Russia remain the same. Writers of the 19th century wrote about their time, but many relationships in society remained the same. There are global patterns of social relations.

Melnikov-Pechorsky described events in the Volga region, and many wrote about Moscow life in the 19th century, including A.N. Ostrovsky.

Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky (March 31 (April 12), 1823 - June 2 (14), 1886) - Russian playwright, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. He wrote about 50 plays, of which the most famous " Plum", "Wolves and Sheep", "Thunderstorm", "Forest", "Dowry".

Russian theater begins with Ostrovsky in its modern understanding: the writer created a theater school and a holistic concept of acting in the theater . Staged performances in Moscow Maly Theater.

The main ideas of theater reform:

• the theater must be built on conventions (there is a 4th wall separating the audience from the actors);
• constancy of attitude towards language: mastery speech characteristics, expressing almost everything about the heroes;
• the bet is on the entire troupe, and not on one actor;
• “People go to watch the game, not the play itself - you can read it.”

Ostrovsky's ideas were brought to their logical conclusion by Stanislavsky.

Compound Full meeting works in 16 volumes. Composition of the PSS in 16 volumes. M: GIHL, 1949 - 1953. With the attachment of translations not included in the PSS.
Moscow, State Publishing House fiction, 1949 - 1953, circulation - 100 thousand copies.

Volume 1: Plays 1847-1854

From the editor.
1. Family painting, 1847.
2. Our people - we will be numbered. Comedy, 1849.
3. Morning young man. Scenes, 1950, censor. permission 1852
4. Unexpected event. Dramatic sketch, 1850, publ. 1851.
5. Poor bride. Comedy, 1851.
6. Don’t sit in your own sleigh. Comedy, 1852, publ. 1853.
7. Poverty is not a vice. Comedy, 1853, publ. 1854.
8. Don’t live the way you want. Folk drama, 1854, publ. 1855.
Application:
Petition. Comedy (1st edition of the play "Family Picture").

Volume 2: Plays 1856-1861.

9. There’s a hangover at someone else’s feast. Comedy, 1855, publ. 1856.
10. Profitable place. Comedy, 1856, publ. 1857.
11. Holiday sleep - before lunch. Pictures of Moscow life, 1857, publ. 1857.
12. They didn’t get along! Pictures of Moscow life, 1857, publ. 1858.
13. Kindergarten. Scenes from Country Life, 1858, publ. 1858.
14. Thunderstorm. Drama, 1859, publ. 1860.
15. An old friend is better than two new ones. Pictures of Moscow life, 1859, publ. 1860.
16. Your own dogs squabble, don’t bother someone else’s! 1861, publ. 1861.
17. Whatever you go for, you will find (Balzaminov’s Marriage). Pictures of Moscow life, 1861, publ. 1861.

Volume 3: Plays 1862-1864.

18. Kozma Zakharyich Minin, Sukhoruk. Dramatic Chronicle (1st edition), 1861, publ. 1862.
Kozma Zakharyich Minin, Sukhoruk. Dramatic Chronicle (2nd edition), publ. 1866.
19. Sin and misfortune do not live on anyone. Drama, 1863.
20. Hard days. Scenes from Moscow life, 1863.
21. Jokers. Pictures of Moscow life, 1864.

Volume 4: Plays 1865-1867

22. Voevoda (Dream on the Volga). Comedy (1st edition), 1864, publ. 1865.
23. In a busy place. Comedy, 1865.
24. Abyss. Scenes from Moscow life, 1866.
25. Dmitry the Pretender and Vasily Shuisky. Dramatic Chronicle, 1866, publ. 1867.

Volume 5: Plays 1867-1870

26. Tushino. Dramatic Chronicle, 1866, publ. 1867.
27. Simplicity is enough for every wise man. Comedy, 1868.
28. Warm heart.. Comedy, 1869.
29. Crazy money. Comedy, 1869, publ. 1870.

Volume 6: Plays 1871-1874.

30. Forest. Comedy, 1870, publ. 1871.
31. Not everything is Maslenitsa for the cat. Scenes from Moscow life, 1871.
32. There wasn’t a penny, but suddenly it was altyn. Comedy, 1871, publ. 1872.
33. Comedian XVII century. Comedy in verse, 1872, publ. 1873.
34. Late love. Scenes from the life of the outback, 1873, publ. 1874.

Volume 7: Plays 1873-1876

35. Snow Maiden. Spring fairy tale, 1873.
36. Labor bread. Scenes from the life of the outback, 1874.
37. Wolves and sheep. Comedy, 1875.
38. Rich brides. Comedy, 1875, publ. 1878.

Volume 8: Plays 1877-1881

39. Truth is good, but happiness is better. Comedy, 1876, publ. 1877.
40. The last victim. Comedy, 1877, publ. 1878.
41. Dowryless. Drama, 1878, publ. 1879.
42. The heart is not a stone. Comedy, 1879, publ. 1880.
43. Slave girls. Comedy, 1880, publ. 1884?

Volume 9: Plays 1882-1885

44. Talents and fans. Comedy, 1881, publ. 1882.
45. Handsome man. Comedy, 1882, publ. 1883.
46. ​​Guilty without guilt. Comedy, 1883, publ. 1884.
47. Not of this world. Family Scenes, 1884, publ. 1885.
48. Voevoda (Dream on the Volga). (2nd edition).

Volume 10. Plays written together with other authors, 1868-1882.

49. Vasilisa Melentyeva. Drama (with the participation of S. A. Gedeonov), 1867.

Together with N. Ya. Solovyov:
50. Happy day. Scenes from the life of the provincial outback, 1877.
51. Marriage of Belugin. Comedy, 1877, publ. 1878.
52. Savage. Comedy, 1879.
53. It shines, but does not warm. Drama, 1880, publ. 1881.

Together with P. M. Nevezhin:
54. A whim. Comedy, 1879, publ. 1881.
55. Old in a new way. Comedy, 1882.

Volume 11: Selected translations from English, Italian, Spanish languages, 1865-1879

1) Pacification of the wayward. Shakespeare's Comedy, 1865.
2) Coffee shop. Comedy Goldoni, 1872.
3) Family of criminals. Drama by P. Giacometti, 1872.
Interludes by Cervantes:
4) Salaman cave, 1885.
5) Theater of Miracles.
6) Two talkers, 1886.
7) Jealous old man.
8) Divorce judge, 1883.
9) Biscayan impostor.
10) Election of alcaldes in Daganso.
11) The Vigilant Guardian, 1884.

Volume 12: Articles about the theater. Notes. Speeches. 1859-1886.

Volume 13: Artistic works. Criticism. Diaries. Dictionary. 1843-1886.

Artistic works. pp. 7 - 136.
The story of how the quarterly overseer started dancing, or there is only one step from the great to the ridiculous. Story.
Notes of a Zamoskvoretsky resident Essay.
[Biography of Yasha]. Essay.
Zamoskvorechye on holiday. Essay.
Kuzma Samsonych. Essay.
They didn't get along in character. Tale.
"I dreamed large hall..." Poem.
[Acrostic]. Poem.
Carnival. Poem.
Ivan Tsarevich. Fairy tale in 5 acts and 16 scenes.

Criticism. pp. 137 - 174.
Diaries. pp. 175 - 304.
Dictionary [Materials for a dictionary of the Russian folk language].

Volume 14: Letters 1842 - 1872.

Volume 15: Letters 1873 - 1880

Volume 16: Letters 1881 - 1886

Translations not included in the Complete Collection

William Shakespeare. Antony and Cleopatra. Excerpt from an unfinished translation. , first published 1891
Staritsky M.P. Chasing two birds with one stone. A comedy from bourgeois life in four acts.
Staritsky M.P. Last night. Historical drama in two paintings.

“Columbus of Zamoskvorechye,” the author of plays that turned Russian drama into “real” literature, is A. N. Ostrovsky, whose works became the main ones in the repertoire of the Maly Theater in Moscow from the mid-19th century. Everything he wrote was done not for reading, but for performance on stage. The result of 40 years was original (about 50), co-authored, revised and translated plays.

Sources of "inspiration"

All of Ostrovsky’s works are based on constant observations of the life of various classes, mainly merchants and the local nobility.

The playwright's childhood and youth were spent in Zamoskvorechye, an old district of Moscow, which was mainly inhabited by townspeople. Therefore, Ostrovsky was well acquainted with their way of life and the characteristics of intra-family and By the middle of the 19th century, more and more so-called “businessmen” were appearing here - they would join the new merchant class.

Work in the Moscow office, where Alexander Nikolaevich entered in 1843, turned out to be very useful. 8 years of observation of numerous litigations and quarrels between merchants and relatives allowed us to accumulate valuable material on the basis of which the writings will be written. best works Ostrovsky.

It is customary to distinguish 4 main periods in the playwright’s work. Each was marked by a special approach to depicting reality and the appearance of striking plays.

1847-1851. First experiments

Essays written in the spirit of " natural school"and in accordance with the traditions laid down by Gogol, they brought the aspiring writer the title of "Columbus of Zamoskvorechye." But pretty soon they were replaced by plays that completely replaced the epic genres.

Ostrovsky's first work is “Family Picture,” first read by the author at an evening with S. Shevyrev. However, “Bankrut” brings fame, later renamed “Our People - Let’s Be Numbered!” The reaction to the play was immediate. Censorship immediately banned it (written in 1849, it came on stage only in 1861), and V. Odoevsky put it on a par with “The Minor,” “Woe from Wit” and “The Inspector General.” For several years, the work was successfully read in circles and at literary evenings, providing the young author with universal recognition.

1852-1855. "Moscow" period

This is the time when Ostrovsky joined the “young editorial staff” of the magazine, which preached the ideas of pochvennichestvo and was interested in the merchants. Representatives of a social class not associated with serfdom and not cut off from the people could become, according to A. Grigoriev, new strength, capable of influencing the development of Russia. Only 3 works by Ostrovsky date back to this period, one of which is “Poverty is not a vice.”

The plot is based on the depiction of relationships in the family of the merchant Tortsov. The powerful and despotic father, Gordey, plans to marry off his daughter, who is in love with a poor clerk, to the clever and rich Korshunov. a new generation who will never miss his. Lyubim, who is prone to drunkenness, has not accumulated a fortune, but follows moral laws in everything, manages to convince his tyrant brother. As a result, the matter is resolved successfully for Lyuba, and the playwright affirms the victory of Russian traditions over European ones.

1856-1860. Rapprochement with Sovremennik

The works of this period: “A Profitable Place”, “There is a Hangover at Someone Else’s Feast” and, of course, “The Thunderstorm” - became the result of a rethinking of the role of the patriarchal merchants in the life of the country. It no longer attracted the playwright, but increasingly acquired the features of tyranny and desperately tried to resist everything new and democratic (the result of the influence of the commoners from Sovremennik). The most striking is " dark kingdom"was shown in the playwright's only tragedy, "The Thunderstorm." Here young people appear who do not want to put up with Domostroevsky laws.

Analyzing the works created in the 40-50s, he called A. N. Ostrovsky a truly “people's poet,” which emphasized the scale of the paintings he depicted.

1861-1886. Mature creativity

Over 25 post-reform years activities, the playwright wrote vivid works, varied in genre and theme. They can be combined into several groups.

1. A comedy about the life of a merchant: “The truth is good, but happiness is better”, “It’s not all Maslenitsa for the cat.”
2. Satire: “Wolves and Sheep”, “Mad Money”, “Forest”, etc.
3. “Pictures of Moscow life” and “prices from the outback” about “little” people: “Hard days”, “An old friend is better than two new ones”, etc.
4. Chronicles on historical topic: “Kozma Zakharyich Minin-Sukhoruk” and others.
5. Psychological drama: “The Last Victim”, “Dowry”.

The fairy tale play “The Snow Maiden” stands apart.

Works of recent decades have acquired tragic and philosophical-psychological features and are distinguished by artistic perfection and a realistic approach to depiction.

Creator of the National Theater

Centuries pass, but the works of Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky still attract full houses on the leading stages of the country, confirming the phrase of I. Goncharov: “... after you, we... can proudly say: we have our own Russian national theater" “Poor bride” and “Don’t get into your own sleigh”, “The Marriage of Balzaminov” and “The heart is not a stone”, “There wasn’t a penny, but suddenly there was an altyn” and “Simplicity is enough for every wise man”... This list is with those known to every theatergoer I could go on with the names of Ostrovsky's plays for a long time. Thanks to the skill of the playwright, a special world came to life on stage, filled with problems that will always concern humanity.