Nekrasov N. A. The meaning of the title of the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” The meaning of the title who lives well in Rus'

Nekrasov’s entire poem is a flaring up, gradually gaining strength, worldly gathering. For Nekrasov, it is important that the peasantry not only thought about the meaning of life, but also set out on a difficult and long path of truth-seeking. The “Prologue” begins the action. Seven peasants argue about “who lives happily and freely in Rus'.” The men do not yet understand that the question of who is happier - the priest, the landowner, the merchant, the official or the tsar - reveals the limitations of their idea of happiness, which comes down to material security. A meeting with a priest makes men think about a lot: Well, here’s Pop’s vaunted life. Starting from the chapter “Happy”, a turn is planned in the direction of the search for a happy person. On their own initiative, the “lucky ones” from the lower classes begin to approach the wanderers. Stories are heard - confessions of courtyard people, clergy, soldiers, stonemasons, hunters. Of course, these “lucky ones” are such that the wanderers, seeing the empty bucket, exclaim with bitter irony: Hey, peasant happiness! Leaky with patches, Humpbacked with calluses, Go home! But at the end of the chapter there is a story about a happy man - Ermil Girin. The story about him begins with a description of his litigation with the merchant Altynnikov. Yermil is conscientious. Let us remember how he paid off the peasants for the debt collected in the market square: All day long, Yermil walked around with his purse open, asking, Whose ruble is it? I didn’t find it. Throughout his life, Yermil refutes the initial ideas of wanderers about the essence of human happiness. It would seem that he has “everything that is needed for happiness: peace of mind, money, and honor.” But at a critical moment in his life, Yermil sacrifices this “happiness” for the sake of the people’s truth and ends up in prison. Gradually, the ideal of an ascetic, a fighter for the people's interests, is born in the minds of the peasants. In the part “The Landowner,” the wanderers treat the masters with obvious irony. They understand that noble “honor” is worth little. No, you are not a noble to us, give us the word of a peasant. Yesterday’s “slaves” took on the task of solving problems that had long been considered a noble privilege. The nobility saw its historical destiny in caring about the fate of the Fatherland. And then suddenly the men took over this single mission from the nobility and became citizens of Russia: The landowner, not without bitterness, said: “Put on your hats, sit down, gentlemen!” In the last part of the poem appears new hero: Grisha Dobrosklonov is a Russian intellectual who knows that people’s happiness can only be achieved as a result of a nationwide struggle for the “Unflogged province, Ungutted volost, Izbytkovo village.” The army is rising - Innumerable, The strength in it will be indestructible! The fifth chapter of the last part ends with words expressing the ideological pathos of the entire work: “If only our wanderers could be under their own roof, // If only they could know what was happening to Grisha.” These lines seem to answer the question posed in the title of the poem. Happy man in Rus' - the one who firmly knows that one must “live for the happiness of a wretched and dark native corner.”

Nekrasov’s entire poem is a flaring up, gradually gaining strength, worldly gathering. For Nekrasov, it is important that the peasantry not only thought about the meaning of life, but also set out on a difficult and long path of truth-seeking.
The “Prologue” begins the action. Seven peasants argue about “who lives happily and freely in Rus'.” The men do not yet understand that the question of who is happier - the priest, the landowner, the merchant, the official or the tsar - reveals the limitations of their idea of happiness, which comes down to material security. A meeting with a priest makes men think about a lot:
Well, here's what you've praised
Popov's life.
Starting from the chapter “Happy”, a turn is planned in the direction of the search for a happy person. On their own initiative, the “lucky ones” from the lower classes begin to approach the wanderers. Stories are heard - confessions of courtyard people, clergy, soldiers, stonemasons, hunters. Of course, these “lucky ones” are such that the wanderers, seeing the empty bucket, exclaim with bitter irony:
Hey, man's happiness!
Leaky with patches,
Humpbacked with calluses,
Go home!
But at the end of the chapter there is a story about a happy man - Ermil Girin. The story about him begins with a description of his litigation with the merchant Altynnikov. Yermil is conscientious. Let us remember how he paid off the peasants for the debt collected in the market square:
All day with my money open
Yermil walked around, asking questions,
Whose ruble? I didn’t find it.
Throughout his life, Yermil refutes the initial ideas of wanderers about the essence of human happiness. It would seem that he has “everything that is needed for happiness: peace of mind, money, and honor.” But at a critical moment in his life, Yermil sacrifices this “happiness” for the sake of the people’s truth and ends up in prison. Gradually, the ideal of an ascetic, a fighter for the people's interests, is born in the minds of the peasants. In the part “The Landowner,” the wanderers treat the masters with obvious irony. They understand that noble “honor” is worth little.
No, you are not noble to us,
Give me your peasant's word.
Yesterday’s “slaves” took on the task of solving problems that had long been considered a noble privilege. The nobility saw its historical destiny in caring about the fate of the Fatherland. And then suddenly the men took over this single mission from the nobility and became citizens of Russia:
The landowner is not without bitterness
Said: “Put on your hats,
Sit down, gentlemen!”
In the last part of the poem, a new hero appears: Grisha Dobrosklonov - a Russian intellectual who knows that people's happiness can only be achieved as a result of a nationwide struggle for the “Unflogged province, Ungutted volost, Izbytkovo village.”
The army rises -
Uncountable,
The strength in her will affect
Indestructible!
The fifth chapter of the last part ends with words expressing the ideological pathos of the entire work: “If only our wanderers could be under their own roof, // If only they could know what was happening to Grisha.” These lines seem to answer the question posed in the title of the poem. A happy person in Rus' is one who firmly knows that he must “live for the happiness of his wretched and dark native corner.”

For Russia, 1861 was marked by the abolition of serfdom. Now no one understands how to live further. Neither the landowners nor the peasants themselves. Just at this time, three years after the abolition of serfdom, he begins work on the poem. What meaning does the author put into the title of his work?

Who lives well in Rus', what is the point?

It is enough to read the title of Nekrasov’s poem to understand what will be discussed. Desire to display different positions people for the abolition of serfdom, skillfully intertwined with the eternal problem of the search for happiness and happy people in Rus', which determines the meaning of the title of the poem.

The author depicts men who decided to find a happy person by figuring out what people need to be happy. For this purpose, the men set off on a journey, and communicating with people of different classes, they found out how happy they were. If earlier they thought that life was good in Rus' for priests, landowners and the tsar, then as they travel, they realize how much they are mistaken. However, they did not find happy people among the soldiers, peasants, hunters and drunken women. Finally, the men managed to meet a happy man, Grigory Dobrosklonov, who knew firsthand about the hardships of peasant life. Unlike other random fellow travelers, Gregory did not seek personal happiness, but thought about the well-being of the entire Russian people living in Rus'. It is precisely such people, according to the author, who are able to find their happiness.

Having read Nekrasov’s work, we understand that the meaning of the title Who Lives Well in Rus' fully corresponds to the plot. He prepares the reader in advance for the fact that the text will talk about true and truthful life in Rus'. It encourages you to search for answers and realize what people need to be happy, what is the source of their troubles, and who can claim to be a happy person. Trying to find these answers, the author shows how incorrectly the reform was carried out, which brought not only joy, but also problems. Nekrasov talks about all this in his poem Who Lives Well in Rus', the meaning of the name of which fully justifies itself.

The meaning of the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” is not clear. After all, the question is: who is happy? – raises others: what is happiness? Who deserves happiness? Where should you look for it? And “The Peasant Woman” does not so much close these questions as open them and lead to them. Without “The Peasant Woman,” everything is not clear either in the part “The Last One,” which was written before “The Peasant Woman,” or in the part “A Feast for the Whole World,” which was written after it.
In “The Peasant Woman,” the poet raised deep layers of the life of the people, their social existence, their ethics and their poetry, clarifying what the true potential of this life, its creativity. Working on heroic characters (Savely, Matryona Timofeevna), created on the basis of folk poetry (song, epic), the poet strengthened his faith in the people.
This work became the guarantee of such faith and the condition for further work on actually modern material, which turned out to be a continuation of “The Last One” and formed the basis of the part called “A Feast for the Whole World” by the poet. “Good time - good songs” is the final chapter of “The Feast”. If the previous one was called “Both the Old and the New,” then this one could be entitled “Both the Present and the Future.” It is the focus on the future that explains a lot in this chapter, which is not accidentally called “Songs,” because they contain its entire essence.
There is also a person here who writes and sings these songs - Grisha Dobrosklonov. Much in Russian history pushed Russian artists to create images like Grisha. This includes the “going to the people” of revolutionary intellectuals in the early 70s of the last century. These are also memories of the democratic figures of the first conscription, the so-called “sixties” - primarily about Chernyshevsky and Dobrolyubov. The image of Grisha is at the same time very real, and at the same time very generalized and even conventional. On the one hand, he is a man of a very specific way of life and way of life: the son of a poor sexton, a seminarian, a simple and kind guy who loves the village, the peasant, the people, who wishes him happiness and is ready to fight for it.
But Grisha is also a more generalized image of youth, forward-looking, hopeful and believing. It is all in the future, hence some of its uncertainty, only a tentativeness. That is why Nekrasov, obviously not only for censorship reasons, crossed out the poems already at the first stage of his work (although they were published in most of the poet’s post-revolutionary publications): Fate had prepared for him a glorious Path, a great name People's Defender, Consumption and Siberia.
The dying poet was in a hurry. The poem remained unfinished, but it was not left without a conclusion. The image of Grisha itself is not the answer to either the question of happiness or the question of a lucky person. The happiness of one person (whoever it is and no matter what is meant by it, even the struggle for universal happiness) is not yet a solution to the problem, since the poem leads to thoughts about the “embodiment of the people’s happiness,” about the happiness of everyone, about the “feast to the whole world."
“Who can live well in Rus'?” - the poet asked a great question in the poem and gave a great answer in her last song “Rus”
You're miserable too
You are also abundant
You are mighty
You are also powerless
Mother - Rus'!
Saved in slavery
Free heart
Gold, gold
People's heart!
They stood up - unwounded,
They came out - uninvited,
Live by the grain
The mountains have been damaged! R
it rises - Uncountable,
The strength in her will affect
Indestructible!

Essay on literature on the topic: The meaning of the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”

Other writings:

Nekrasov’s entire poem is a flaring up worldly gathering that is gradually gaining strength. For Nekrasov, it is important that the peasantry not only thought about the meaning of life, but also set out on a difficult and long path of truth-seeking. The “Prologue” begins the action. Seven peasants argue about “who lives Read More......
The very title of the poem sets us up for a truly all-Russian review of life, for the fact that this life will be examined truthfully and thoroughly, from top to bottom. It aims to find an answer to the main questions of the time, when the country was going through an era of great changes: what is the source of people's Read More ......
The poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” is the result of the author’s thoughts about the fate of the country and the people. Who can live well in Rus'? - the poem begins with this question. Its plot, like the plot folk tales, built as a journey of old peasants in search of a happy person. Read More......
The song “In the Middle of the Downworld...” calls for the fight for people’s happiness, for light and freedom. But the point, naturally, is not simply a matter of declaring these ideological and thematic formulas and slogans. The meaning of the final verses of the poem really lies in the call to fight for the people's happiness, but the meaning of the whole Read More ......
Disputes about the composition of the work are still ongoing, but most scientists have come to the conclusion that it should be like this: “Prologue. Part One”, “Peasant Woman”, “Last One”, “Feast for the Whole World”. The arguments in favor of this particular arrangement of material are as follows. In the first part Read More......
Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov worked on his work “Who Lives Well in Rus'” for many years, giving it part of his soul. And throughout the entire period of creation of this work, the poet did not leave high ideas about a perfect life and a perfect person. Poem “To whom Read More ......
The poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” is the pinnacle of N. A. Nekrasov’s creativity. He himself called it “his favorite brainchild.” Nekrasov gave his poem for many years tireless work, putting into it all the information about the Russian people, accumulated, as the poet said, “according to Read More ......
The question of the first “Prologue” deserves special attention. The poem has several prologues: before the chapter “Pop”, before the parts “Peasant Woman” and “Feast for the Whole World”. The first “Prologue” is sharply different from the others. It poses a problem common to the entire poem “To whom Read More ......

The meaning of the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”

Collection of essays: The meaning of the title of N. A. Nekrasov’s poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'”

The Prologue sets up the action. Seven peasants argue about “who lives happily and freely in Russia.” The men do not yet understand that the question of who is happier - the priest, the landowner, the merchant, the official or the tsar - reveals the limitations of their idea of happiness, which comes down to material security. A meeting with a priest makes men think about a lot:

Well, here's what you've praised

Popov's life.

Starting from the chapter “Happy”, a turn is planned in the direction of the search for a happy person. On their own initiative, the “lucky” ones from the lower classes begin to approach the wanderers. Stories are heard - confessions of courtyard people, clergy, soldiers, stonemasons, hunters. Of course, these “lucky ones” are such that the wanderers, seeing the empty bucket, exclaim with bitter irony:

Hey, man's happiness!

Leaky with patches,

Humpbacked with calluses,

Go home!

But at the end of the chapter there is a story about a happy man - Ermil Girin. The story about him begins with a description of his litigation with the merchant Altynnikov. Yermil is conscientious. Let us remember how he paid off the peasants for the debt collected in the market square:

All day with my money open

Yermil walked around, asking questions,

Whose ruble? I didn’t find it.

Throughout his life, Yermil refutes the initial ideas of wanderers about the essence of human happiness. It would seem that he has “everything that is needed for happiness: peace of mind, money, and honor.” But at a critical moment in his life, Yermil sacrifices this “happiness” for the sake of the people’s truth and ends up in prison. Gradually, the ideal of an ascetic, a fighter for the people's interests, is born in the minds of the peasants. In the part “The Landowner,” the wanderers treat the masters with obvious irony. They understand that noble “honor” is worth little.

No, you are not noble to us,

Give me your peasant's word.

Yesterday's "slaves" took on the solution of problems that since ancient times were considered a noble privilege. The nobility saw its historical destiny in caring about the fate of the Fatherland. And then suddenly the men took over this single mission from the nobility and became citizens of Russia:

The landowner is not without bitterness

Said: “Put on your hats,

Sit down, gentlemen!

In the last part of the poem, a new hero appears: Grisha Dobrosklonov - a Russian intellectual who knows that people's happiness can only be achieved as a result of a nationwide struggle for the “Unflogged province, Ungutted volost, Izbytkovo village.”

The army rises -

Uncountable,

The strength in her will affect

Indestructible!

The fifth chapter of the last part ends with words expressing the ideological pathos of the entire work: “If only our wanderers could be under their own roof, // If only they could know what was happening to Grisha.” These lines seem to answer the question posed in the title of the poem. A happy person in Rus' is one who firmly knows that he must “live for the happiness of his wretched and dark native corner.”