Tikhon is a gap-toothed people's avenger. Tikhon's gap-toothed image and characterization in Tolstoy's novel War and Peace. History of character creation

L. N. Tolstoy in his novel describes life secular society. There are practically no people on the pages of the epic simple origin, come from the people. The exception is Tikhon Shcherbaty in the novel War and Peace. He is contrasted with heroes from secular society, but the character is described in a positive light.

Who is Tikhon Shcherbaty

Tikhon Shcherbaty comes from the people. This is a peasant from the Smolensk region. Very little is known about the character's past; the reader is only given information about small homeland Tikhon - the village of Pokrovskoye. Shcherbaty does not have any privileges by his family, but he expressed a desire to participate in the war and ended up in a partisan detachment. This character appears before the reader only in the military part of the work.

Hero's appearance

The character did not have pleasant appearance. His appearance is, on the contrary, repulsive. It so happened that Tikhon suffered from smallpox, which left him riddled with scars. Yellowfang had small, narrow eyes, and you could often see a stupid smile on his face. Tikhon's figure is dense, a little awkward - the author mentions that the character has long arms and long legs.

Judging by the fact that Tikhon’s face is all wrinkled, the reader can conclude that he is an elderly man. Shcherbaty also received his nickname due to his appearance: he was missing a front tooth, which served as the basis for the nickname. The image and appearance is complemented by a loud bass with a certain hoarseness.

Tikhon at war

Immediately after Tikhon went to the front, he was entrusted with only minor, everyday duties: he looked after the horses, started and maintained the fire, etc. But sometimes Tikhon had the opportunity to make forays on the enemy’s side. Here Tikhon showed himself - he constantly returned with loot, bringing provisions, weapons or clothing.

Over time, this skill of his was noticed and noted by his superiors. Tikhon received a promotion and his duty became forays behind enemy lines. He was supposed to bring prisoners who could provide any information about the enemy. He did it very well - Tikhon’s colleagues noted that he was always able to bring in the “right” people. Suitable people from whom it was possible to obtain valuable and useful information.

His colleagues treat him with respect. When talking about him, they praise him, remember him kind words. For the first time, the reader encounters Tikhon when he is in a fit of action - he quickly dived into the river, quickly emerged, and plopped down on his belly.

Tikhon's character

Yellowfang had a cheerful disposition and was very sociable. He often amused his colleagues with jokes and funny stories. He is brave and dexterous, in the squad he is considered the right person. Tikhon is always ready to help, he devotes himself completely to his work, and follows any instructions one hundred percent. Yellowfang is not afraid of dirty work. He easily takes on responsibilities that people usually refuse and try to evade.

Tikhon Shcherbaty is a character who was considered by Tolstoy the most close up among all the other soldiers. He went to war not out of duty, but out of conscience. He goes against the enemy out of a sense of patriotism, and not because he was forced to. This is exactly how Tolstoy describes the Russian people - honest, selfless, ready to die for the sake of justice and defense of the Motherland. Tolstoy fit all the people's readiness to action, if necessary, to defend their country into one image of Tikhon Shcherbaty. He absorbed many of the qualities of the people and became a collective image.

This article will help you write an essay on the topic “Tikhon Shcherbaty in the novel “War and Peace,” describe the hero, give him a detailed description, and analyze the character’s image.

Work test

L. Tolstoy devoted many pages of the novel “War and Peace” to philosophical reflections on important historical issues. He comes to the conclusion that the content of the historical process is movement masses, their actions, their mighty, unstoppable force. It was in this conclusion that the genius of the writer manifested itself, who was one of the first in Russian and world literature to recreate pictures of the people's guerrilla war and reveal their true meaning and significance.

In the actions of partisan detachments in the Patriotic War of 1812, L. Tolstoy saw

the highest form of unity between the people and the army, which radically changed the very idea of war: from the time of the fire of Smolensk, writes Tolstoy, a war began that did not fit any previous legends of wars. The burning of cities and villages, retreat after battles, Borodin’s attack and retreat again, the fire of Moscow, catching marauders, rehiring transports, guerrilla warfare - all these were deviations from the rules.

“The partisans destroyed the Great Army piece by piece. They picked up those fallen leaves that fell of their own accord from the withered tree - the French army, and sometimes shook this tree. In October, while the French were fleeing to Smolensk, there were hundreds of these parties of various sizes and characters. There were parties that adopted all the techniques of the army, with infantry, artillery, headquarters, and the comforts of life; there were only Cossacks and cavalry; there were small ones, prefabricated ones, on foot, on horseback, there were peasant and landowner ones, unknown to anyone. There was a sexton who was the head of the party, who took several hundred prisoners in a month. There was the elder Vasilisa, who killed hundreds of French.”

But for the most part, the partisan army consisted of hundreds and thousands of nameless Russian men, ordinary peasants. They entered into the fight against the invaders not for the sake of glory and awards, but out of an innate sense of patriotism. They defended their families, their loved ones, themselves.

Tikhon Shcherbaty in the novel is one of the representatives of this nameless and numerous army of Russian men. Tikhon's face, pitted with smallpox and wrinkles, with small, narrow eyes, shone with self-satisfied joy.

Tikhon Shcherbaty turns out to be one of the most the right people in Denisov's partisan detachment. The writer tells how Tikhon ended up in the detachment: “When, at the beginning of his actions, Denisov came to Pokrovskoye and, as always, calling the headman, asked what they knew about the French, the headman answered, as all the headmen answered, how would defend themselves by saying that they don’t know anything, they don’t know anything. But when Denisov explained to them that his goal was to beat the French, and when he asked if the French had wandered in, the headman said that there had definitely been miroders, but that in their village only one Tishka Shcherbaty was involved in these matters. Denisov ordered Tikhon to be called to him and, praising him for his activities, said a few words in front of the headman about the loyalty to the Tsar and the Fatherland and the hatred of the French that the sons of the Fatherland should observe.”

Not fully understanding the meaning of Denisov’s pompous speech, Tikhon responds with timidity and embarrassment, as if making excuses: “We don’t do anything bad to the French. That's the only way we fooled around with the guys. We definitely beat about two dozen Miroders, otherwise we didn’t do anything bad...”

The next day Denisov forgot to think about the man, but he was informed that he had joined the detachment and asked to be left behind.

In the partisan detachment, Tikhon turned out to be the most necessary and useful fighter. L. Tolstoy says that in Denisov’s detachment Tikhon occupied his special, exclusive place. The writer explains the reason for such exceptionalism: “When it was necessary to do something especially difficult and disgusting - to turn a cart over in the mud with your shoulder, to pull a horse out of a swamp by the tail, to skin it, to climb into the very middle of the French, to walk fifty miles a day - everyone pointed, laughing, at Tikhon.”

L. Tolstoy lovingly describes the exploits of the Russian peasant. He clearly admires the dexterity, sharpness, strength and extraordinary courage of Tikhon Shcherbaty. When we read Tikhon’s story about his adventures behind enemy lines and learn about how he dealt with a captured Frenchman, it becomes clear why L. Tolstoy says: “And good for that people... who, in a moment of trial, without asking how to others followed the rules similar cases, with simplicity and ease, picks up the first club he comes across and nails it with it until in his soul the feeling of insult and revenge is replaced by contempt and pity.”

Glossary:

- Tikhon Shcherbaty in the novel War and Peace

- Tikhon gap-toothed

- image of Tikhon Shcherbaty

– quiet gap-toothed image

- the image of Tikhon Shcherbaty in the novel War and Peace

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Lessons No. 13-14

“People's Thought” in the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace".

Guerrilla warfare in the novel. Platon Karataev and Tikhon Shcherbaty.

Goals:

educational:

nurturing a love for thoughtful reading of works of Russian literature, careful attention to words;

upbringingactive life position, civic duty and patriotism on the example of the people's feat in the Patriotic War of 1812;

educational:

creating conditions for the formation of ideas about L. N. Tolstoy’s glorification of the heroism of the people in the Patriotic War of 1812;

generalization and systematization of knowledge obtained during the study of the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy “War and Peace” on the topic of the lesson;

developing:

improving skills in working with text, the ability to analyze what you read;

providing an opportunity for disclosure creative potential students;

developing the ability to search for information in sources of various types;

formation own position on the issues discussed.

Lesson type: a lesson in the integrated application of knowledge.

Lesson type: workshop lesson.

Methodical techniques: conversation on issues, retelling the text, expressive reading of the text, watching episodes from feature film, student messages.

Predicted result:

know literary text ; history pages on the topic of the lesson;

be able toindependently find material on the topic and systematize it.

Equipment: notebooks, literary text, computer, multimedia, presentation, feature film.

Lesson progress

I. Organizational stage.

II. Motivation educational activities. Goal setting.

The teacher's word.

Tolstoy believed that a work can be good only when the writer loves his main idea. In War and Peace, Tolstoy, as he admitted, loved “people's thought.” It lies not only and not so much in the depiction of the people themselves, their way of life, life, but in the fact that every goodie The novel ultimately connects its fate with the fate of the nation. By the word “people” Tolstoy understood the entire patriotic population of Russia, including the peasantry, the urban poor, the nobility, and the merchant class.

Discussion of the topic and objectives of the lesson.

III . Improving knowledge, skills and abilities.

The teacher's word.

On the pages of the novel, Tolstoy says that until now all history has been written as history individuals, as a rule, monarchs, and no one thought about what is driving force history. According to Tolstoy, this is the so-called “swarm principle”, the spirit and will of not one person, but the nation as a whole, and how strong the spirit and will of the people are, so probable are certain historical events. In the Patriotic War of 1812, according to Tolstoy, two wills collided: the will of the French soldiers and the will of the entire Russian people. This war was fair for the Russians, they fought for their Motherland, so their spirit and will to win turned out to be stronger than the French spirit and will.

“I tried to write the history of the people,” said Tolstoy.

There are more than a hundred crowd scenes in the novel, and over two hundred named people from the people act in it.

Text analysis.

When did Tolstoy first depict the mass patriotism of the Russian people?

Tell us the scene of leaving Smolensk. (View an episode from the film).

The scene of the abandonment of Smolensk reflects the reaction of the people to the events that took place. Tolstoy shows the manifestation of the “hidden warmth of patriotism” of the Russian people. The merchant Feropontov, who at first spared three rubles for the cart, now, when the city is being surrendered, shouts to the soldiers: “Get everything, guys! Don't let the devils get you! Russya has decided!.. I’ll set it on fire myself. I decided...” Along with Feropontov, the author depicts the unanimity of the two soldiers who set fire to the merchant’s house, people from the crowd, looking at the fire with amazed and joyful faces. Tolstoy will write that the partisan war began with the enemy’s entry into Smolensk.

The teacher's word.

Why did residents leave Moscow?

“They went because for the Russian people there could be no question: whether it would be good or bad under the rule of the French in Moscow. It was impossible to be under French rule: that was the worst thing.”

What is unique about the war that Napoleon waged in Russia?

Previously, in all wars, the victory of one army over another automatically entailed the enslavement of the people of the defeated army.

In Russia, “the French won a victory near Moscow, Moscow was taken, but Russia did not cease to exist, but the 600,000-strong army ceased to exist, then Napoleonic France.” This fact proves “that the power that decides the fate of peoples lies not in the conquerors, not even in armies and battles, but in something else.”

Why, despite the victory of the battle, did the victorious army cease to exist?

The hostility of the population to the conquering army and the reluctance to submit to it decide, according to Tolstoy, the fate of the war.

Tolstoy writes: “... the club of the people’s war rose with all its formidable and majestic strength and, without asking anyone’s tastes and rules, with stupid simplicity... without understanding anything, it rose, fell and nailed the French until they died the whole invasion." These words contain Tolstoy’s pride and his admiration for the people’s power, which he loved precisely aselemental force.

How does Tolstoy feel about this method of warfare?

“And good for that people,” wrote Lev Nikolaevich, “who ... in a moment of trial, without asking how others acted according to the rules in similar cases, with simplicity and ease lifts the first club that comes across and nails it until in his soul the feeling of insult and revenge cannot be replaced by contempt and pity.” He praises the “club of the people’s war” and considers guerrilla warfare an expression of just people’s hatred of the enemy.

What was, according to Tolstoy, the historical role of the partisans?

“The partisans destroyed the great army piece by piece. They picked up those fallen leaves that spontaneously fell from the withered tree - the French army, and sometimes shook this tree,” writes the author. Tolstoy talks about the audacity of the Russian partisans, especially the men, who “climbed among the French” and believed “that now everything was possible.”

The guerrilla war with the French took folk character. She brought with her new methods of struggle, “overturning Napoleon’s aggressive strategy.”

What partisan units does the writer talk about?

“There were parties... small, combined, on foot and on horseback, there were peasants and landowners, unknown to anyone. There was a sexton as the head of the party, who took several hundred prisoners a month. There was the elder Vasilisa, who killed hundreds of French.” The author draws a closer-up view of the partisan detachments of Denisov and Dolokhov.

When was the first partisan detachment founded?

Who especially stands out in the partisan detachment?

Tikhon Shcherbaty.

Analysis of the image of Tikhon Shcherbatov. (Message “Peasant-partisan Tikhon Shcherbaty”).

Peasant Tikhon Shcherbaty is the most useful and brave man in the detachment.

Watch the episode “First meeting with Tikhon.”

Read the description of the hero's appearance.

Does he know the feeling of pity for the French?

No, when he talks about how he killed the Frenchman, “his whole face stretched into a shining, stupid smile.” Many critics see in Tikhon Shcherbat the personification of Tolstoy’s thought about the club of people’s war, which also “with stupid simplicity” nailed the French. For Tolstoy, stupid is not always an antonym to the word smart - we already had to talk about this. A fool is not a reasoner, but an actor. This is how Tikhon appears before us.

How did he get to the partisans?

Even before he joined Denisov’s detachment, he was killing the French.

Does he feel hatred for the French, does he understand the patriotic nature of his actions?

“We don’t do anything bad to the French.... We just played around with the guys out of pleasure.Miroderov It’s as if they beat about two dozen, otherwise we didn’t do anything bad...” He kills only marauders, seeing in them something in common with world-eaters. He has no conscious patriotism. But, as Tolstoy argues in his philosophical digressions, unconscious actions brought the greatest benefit. “Tikhon Shcherbaty was one of the most necessary people in the party,” writes Tolstoy. So, indeed, Tikhon Shcherbat is the personification of the thought of the “stupid simplicity” of the club of the people’s war. .

Who does Tolstoy compare Tikhon to?

With a wolf. Tikhon’s weapons “consisted of a blunderbuss... a pike and an ax, which he wielded like a wolf wields its teeth, equally easily tearing out fleas from wool and biting through thick bones.”

What do the partisans call Tikhon?

“...The gelding is a hefty one.” He was instructed to “do something especially difficult and disgusting - turn a cart out of the mud with your shoulder, pull a horse out of a swamp by the tail, skin it, climb into the very middle of the French, walk 50 miles a day.” So, everything that is beyond the power of a person or that is disgusting and disgusting to a person is entrusted to Tikhon, the “wolf”, the “gelding”.

The teacher's word.

Tikhon Shcherbat embodies the best typical character traits of a peasant avenger, strong, courageous, energetic and savvy. Tikhon's favorite weapon is an ax, which he “mastered like a wolf wields its teeth.” For him, the French are enemies who must be destroyed. And he hunts down the French day and night.

An ineradicable sense of humor, the ability to joke under any circumstances, resourcefulness and daring distinguish Tikhon Shcherbaty among the partisans of the detachment.

Analysis of the image of Platon Karataev. (Message about Platon Karataev).

What is Pierre's first impression of Platon Karataev?

In it, “Pierre felt something pleasant, soothing and round.”

What had such an effect on Pierre?

“Round, spores, movements that followed one after another without slowing down,” “even the smell of this man.” The most important thing here is Plato’s busyness, the completeness of all his movements, the coherence of these movements (“while one hand was hanging the string, the other was already beginning to unwind the other leg”).

What is Karataev’s manner of speech?

Its language is folk. “Eh, falcon, don’t worry,” he said with that tenderly melodious caress with which old Russian women speak; “well, it will be, it will be”; “potatoes are important”; “they didn’t think - they guessed”; “I went out to mow myself”; “Christians” (instead of peasants); “We thought grief, but joy.” Another feature of his speech is its saturation with proverbs and sayings: “Where there is justice, there is untruth”; “Moscow is the mother of cities”; “The worm gnaws at the cabbage, and before that you disappear”; “Not by our mind, but by God’s judgment”; “A wife is for advice, a mother-in-law is for greetings, but nothing is dearer than your own mother”; “Rock is looking for his head”; “I lay down and curled up, stood up and shook myself.” And the third very important feature is his manner of communication with his interlocutor: he listened to others and talked about himself with equal interest and readiness. Before starting a conversation with Pierre, he “stared straight at him.” He immediately began asking Pierre about life. For the first time, someone became interested not in the prisoner who “refused to give his name,” but in the man, Pierre Bezukhov. Plato's voice is affectionate.

Read the description of Karataev’s appearance.

“...The whole figure of Plato, in his French overcoat belted with a rope, in a cap and bast shoes, was round. His head was completely round, his back, chest, shoulders, even his arms, which he wore as if always about to hug something, were round; a pleasant smile and big brown eyes were round.”

What is the essence of Karataev’s “round” attitude to reality?

“...His life, as he himself looked at it, had no meaning as a separate life. It made sense only as a part of the whole...” The absence of everything personal, awareness of oneself only as a particle of the whole - this has already been said about Kutuzov. Kutuzov and Karataev equally express Tolstoy’s idea that truth lies in the renunciation of one’s “I” and in its complete subordination to the “common.”

How did he become a soldier?

He became a soldier illegally, but it turned out that his brother’s extended family benefited from this: “My brother should have gone, if it weren’t for my sin. And the younger brother has five kids..." All of Karataev’s proverbs boil down to the belief in the inevitability of doing what is destined to happen, and this inevitable is the best. Yes, “the worm gnaws at the cabbage, but before that you disappear.” These are his thoughts about the war with the French. The French invasion eats into Russia like a worm into cabbage. But Karataev is sure that the worm will disappear before the cabbage. This is the belief in the inevitability of God's judgment. Immediately in response to Pierre’s request to clarify what “the worm is worse than the cabbage...” means, Plato replies: “I say: not by our mind, but by God’s judgment.” This saying contains the basis of Karataevism and the core of the philosophy that Tolstoy the thinker wanted to preach in War and Peace. How less people thinks so much the better. The mind cannot influence the course of life. Everything will happen according to God's will. If we accept this philosophy as true (it is called quietism), then we will not have to suffer because there is so much evil in the world. You just need to give up the idea of changing anything in the world. Tolstoy wants to prove this, but, as we saw earlier and as we will see later, life refutes this philosophy and Tolstoy himself cannot remain consistently true to his theory.

How did this Karataev philosophy influence Pierre?

He felt “that the previously destroyed world was now new beauty, on some new unshakable foundations moved in his soul.”

How did Platon Karataev treat people?

“...He loved and lived lovingly with everything that life brought him to, and especially with a person - not with some famous person, but with those people who were before his eyes. He loved his mongrel, he loved his comrades, the French, he loved Pierre, who was his neighbor...” This is how Tolstoy expressed the foundations of his worldview.

The teacher's word.

The image of Platon Karataev shows a different type of Russian peasant. With his humanity, kindness, simplicity, indifference to hardships, and a sense of collectivism, this inconspicuous “round” man was able to return to Pierre Bezukhov, who was in captivity, faith in people, goodness, love, and justice. His spiritual qualities opposed to the arrogance, selfishness and careerism of the high society of St. Petersburg. Platon Karataev remained the most precious memory for Pierre, “the personification of everything Russian, good and round.”

Conclusion.

In the images of Tikhon Shcherbaty and Platon Karataev, Tolstoy concentrated the main qualities of the Russian people, who appear in the novel in the person of soldiers, partisans, servants, peasants, and the urban poor. Both heroes are dear to the writer’s heart: Plato as the embodiment of “everything Russian, good and round,” all those qualities (patriarchalism, kindness, humility, non-resistance, religiosity) that the writer highly valued among the Russian peasantry; Tikhon is the embodiment of a heroic people who rose up to fight, but only at a critical, exceptional time for the country (the Patriotic War of 1812).

IV . Information about homework.

1. Reading the text.

Petya Rostov in a partisan detachment.

Individual task. Retelling of the episode “Peter and the French Drummer.”

Individual task. Retelling of the episode “Petya in Intelligence.”

Individual task. Retelling of the episode “The Death of Petya.”

V . Summing up.

VI . Reflection.

A very colorful supporting character, Tikhon Shcherbaty is a collective image of ordinary Russian men who stood up to defend their fatherland from the invaders, the French. Yellowfang got his nickname from a physical disability - when he smiled, the absence of one tooth became noticeable.

His Face is covered with smallpox scars and wrinkles. The voice is bassy and melodious. By nature, Tikhon is a merry fellow, a jester. Never loses heart, loves to tell his friends funny stories, accompanying the story with sweeping gestures. He wore a blunderbuss and an ax on his belt, although there is not a single mention of Tikhon using a blunderbuss. But he mastered the ax as a weapon. He readily took on any work, no matter how difficult or disgusting it might seem. ABOUT physical strength and Tikhon’s endurance, it is said that he is ready to walk all day, up to 50 kilometers, and at the same time keep up with the horsemen.

Tikhon's manners are simple, rude, coming from pure heart. He looks commanders and aristocrats straight in the eyes and does not try to somehow gain their favor. For him, any Russian person is a kindred soul. But he is intolerant of the French; out of the entire detachment, Tikhon has the most number of killed enemies. Such a person will never suffer the suffering that overtook Pierre Bezukhov. Tikhon's life is full of work that needs to be done, and he takes on it with joy.

Originally from a peasant family in the Smolensk region, Tikhon at will joins partisan detachment Denisova. At first, he does the simplest work - looks after horses, looks after fires. On his own initiative, he makes forays to the French, never returns empty-handed, but brings trophies: food, weapons, clothes. Denisov saw and appreciated this initiative and dexterity in him, and promoted Tikhon to Cossack. Now he was assigned to capture languages, i.e. such prisoners who could provide useful information. Tikhon intuitively found the most useful prisoners and delivered them safely to the camp. All of Tikhon's comrades love his cheerful disposition, admire his dexterity, and gratefully appreciate his willingness to do unpleasant work.

Option 2

Often in literary works depict the image of a hero, a person who is ready to do anything to protect his homeland and loved ones. In most cases, the construction of this image is associated with war and the need to protect one’s country, which is what is required of the hero. Heroes can be very different. They can be either ideals of the human personality, to whom everything worldly is alien, or not very good individuals, who, despite their shortcomings, still have the right to be called heroes. Such heroes are present in Tolstoy’s work “War and Peace”.

Tolstoy’s wonderful work “War and Peace” describes truly terrible things. In it, the author tells us about the war that took away huge amount lives and caused enough damage large territory. But he also described in the work the life of people during the war. I wrote about how they cope with hardships, how they deal with difficulties, and survive adversity. Also described in the work interesting image Tikhon Shcherbaty.

Tikhon Shcherbaty is one of the soldiers in the army, although not the most ordinary one. He truly is the personification of soldier's honor and courage. During a battle, he is one of the first to rush at the enemy in order to disorient him and confuse him, because his only weapons are an ax and a musket, which he masters ideally. Also, during the battle, he has a very, very terrifying appearance, since after many battles he has many noticeable scars left on his body, which the enemy sees and understands that there will be no mercy from this man.

By nature, Tikhon is a rather calm, kind, and sympathetic person. He is always ready to compromise in any conflict, so as not to create an even bigger one. However, he behaves this way only with his comrades in arms. He has a short conversation with the enemy. He is ready to do anything, just to protect his homeland and the people living on it.

Thus, the author, through his character, conveys to us the image of a real hero, who, although not idealized in all aspects of the human personality, still has every right to be called a hero, because he is one. The author shows that even in the most time of troubles ordinary people, like Tikhon Shcherbaty, are ready to undertake heroic deeds and show considerable courage, comparable only to some heroes in the entire history of mankind.

I believe that these are the traits that predominate in the image of Tikhon Shcherbaty from Tolstoy’s “War and Peace.”

Essay on the topic Tikhon Shcherbaty

The main characters of the novel are representatives of the noble class. Tolstoy wants to paint a complete picture in his novel War and Peace, describing all aspects of Russian life. He describes these aspects, not always with positive side. That is why ordinary people, such as Tikhon Shcherbaty, are also present in the novel. He wants people to see not only that noble life, but also the life ordinary people, the life of all Russia.

The image of Tikhon carries that same Russian spirit, courage and bravery. Shcherbaty can be compared to a hero in Ancient Rus'. It is people like him who go to the end for the Fatherland. This hero is the embodiment of the Russian people, the prototype of an ordinary Russian person.

Tikhon Shcherbaty can confidently be called the most daring and courageous fighter in Denisov’s detachment. His role in the detachment was extremely important and unique. He was so dedicated to his cause that he was not afraid to risk his life for other people. Very often, at night, he left the detachment to get all the most important things for himself and his comrades. Tikhon can be called a real man who was not afraid of even the most dusty work. He deftly chopped wood, defended himself and his creator. Everyone considered him a real different and stone wall.

Tycho had a unique sense of humor. It seems that everything is united in this man best qualities Russian people. This is the man who never lost heart, never lamented, or lost heart. Of course, he was the favorite of the whole squad. Tikhon had toughness, but in those days this could not be called a bad character trait. The Patriotic War of 1812 was going on, times were difficult, people like Tikhon Shcherbaty were the real saviors of their Motherland.

Tikhon is very dexterous, smart and self-confident. One of the features of the man’s appearance is that he is missing one tooth. His appearance is very unusual, even peculiar. He is more than 50 years old. The hair was like that of a young man, not a single gray hair. His appearance more indicated that he was a gentle person, but his character indicated the opposite. We can say that appearance contradicted character.

Tikhon never turns to God; all hope, according to him, is only in himself. He is used to relying only on his strength and intelligence. Tikhon is quite harsh, sometimes, and can be very rude. There is so much patriotism in Tikhon that it seems to be enough for the entire Russian people combined. He is ready to die for his Fatherland.

The main characters of L.N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” are representatives of the noble class. However, the author strives to paint a picture of Russian life in its entirety, so characters from the common people also appear in the story - Tikhon Shcherbaty and Platon Karataev. Both heroes are like Russians national types and exponents of the spiritual essence of the Russian character, dear to Tolstoy, each in his own way.
The image of Shcherbaty expresses the active beginning of the Russian spirit, showing the ability of the people to fearlessly fight against the invaders. Tikhon is the embodiment of a heroic people who rose up to defend the Fatherland.
Karataev embodies the idea of “non-resistance to evil through violence” that is close to the writer. The writer appreciates in this hero the manifestation of “everything Russian, kind and round,” all those qualities that, according to Tolstoy, formed the moral basis of the Russian people, the Russian peasantry. Patriarchalism, gentleness, humility and religiosity are traits without which, according to Tolstoy, the mental makeup of the Russian peasant is unthinkable.
Tikhon Shcherbaty personifies in the romance that “club of the people’s war” that rose and “nailed the French with terrible force until the entire invasion was destroyed.” “Non-resistance” Platon Karataev is a different type national character, the other side of “folk thought”.
Tikhon is “the most useful and brave man” in Denisov’s partisan detachment: “No one else discovered cases of attack, no one else took him and beat the French.” Shcherbaty occupied a special, exclusive place in Denisov’s detachment: “When something especially difficult had to be done... everyone pointed, laughing, at Tikhon.” At night he left the detachment and obtained everything that was necessary for his comrades, for the common cause: weapons, clothing, and when he was ordered, he also delivered prisoners. Tikhon was not afraid of any work. He was good at wielding an ax (“like a wolf wielding his teeth”) and deftly, with all his might, split logs. If necessary, the ax in his hands turned into a formidable weapon. This character embodies the heroic forces of the people, their resourcefulness, camaraderie, and daring.
Important Feature Tikhon - the ability not to lose heart, not to lose heart under any circumstances, an indestructible sense of humor. This trait makes Shcherbatov everyone’s favorite in the detachment: “...he was the jester of all the Cossacks and hussars,” and “he himself willingly succumbed to this chip.” Probably, some of Tikhon’s traits (for example, his cruelty) could have been condemned by the writer if we were talking about peaceful
time. But at a critical moment in history, when the question of the future of Russia, the fate of all Russian people (the Patriotic War of 1812) is being decided, the activities of people like Shcherbaty are salutary for both the country and the people.
Tolstoy will give each of the heroes a bright portrait and speech characteristics. Tikhon’s entire appearance exudes dexterity, confidence, and strength. A funny and expressive feature of his appearance is a missing tooth (for this Tikhon was nicknamed Shcherbaty). His language is permeated with humor, a crude joke. Plato's appearance is also peculiar. He is over fifty years old, but in his appearance everything has been preserved intact: not a single gray hair it was not in his beard and hair, everything was round - his face, his shoulders, his back, and his stomach. Everything had the appearance of some kind of drowsiness, softness.
If Tikhon is merciless towards the enemy, then Karataev loves all people, including the French. Other important features in Karataev are the spirit of truth-seeking, spiritual clarity, love of work: “He knew how to do everything, not very well, but not bad either.”
Plato is a bright exponent of the philosophy of patience, characteristic of the Russian peasantry and determined by the uniqueness of Russian history and culture. This life philosophy reflected in the proverbial wisdom that often sounds in Plato’s melodious speech: “Fate is looking for the head,” “To endure an hour, but to live a century.” Sometimes it seems that he uses the philosophy of patience to cover up his helplessness, his inability to actively resist circumstances. Karataev seems to be completely devoid of individual consciousness; at all times he relies on worldview stereotypes that have evolved over centuries among the people: “Where there is court, there is untruth,” “Never refuse a scrip and prison,” “Not by our mind, but by God’s court.” .
Unlike Karataev, Shcherbaty does not remember God, relying only on himself - on his strength, ingenuity, spiritual vigor. Yellowfang can be harsh, and if circumstances require it, even cruel. These features distinguish him from Plato, who strives to see “solemn beauty” in everything. Shcherbaty, experiencing a patriotic feeling and hatred of the invaders, goes at them with an ax. Plato, on the other hand, is ready to “suffer innocently in vain” rather than shed human blood, even if it is the blood of an enemy.
Karataev and Shcherbaty are two hypostases of a single whole. Salvation for Russia, according to Tolstoy, lies in the synthesis of these two principles - meekness, humility and peacefulness, on the one hand, and energy, will, and the ability to take active action, on the other. Having learned the truth of Karataev, Pierre follows exactly this path in the epilogue of the novel.